He mea koʻikoʻi ka hana ʻana o ka hana hou ʻana i nā mold alloy paʻa, i kapa ʻia ʻo "makuahine o ka ʻoihana."Akā, pehea i hoʻokumu ʻia ai nā ʻōpala, a i ka manawa hea lākou i hoʻomaka ai?
(1) Hoʻomohala ʻana i nā Puʻuwai Huahana ma ke ʻano he Social Foundation for Mold Creation
Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mold i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea o ke ʻano like, a laila e hoʻonui ai i ka pono hana a me ka maikaʻi.ʻO kekahi o nā mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka Marxism, ʻo Friedrich Engels, he kanaka akeakamai Kelemania, mea noʻonoʻo, a me ke kipi, i kekahi manawa i ʻōlelo ʻia, "I ka manawa e loaʻa ai kahi pono ʻenehana i loko o ke kaiāulu, e alakaʻi kēia pono i ka ʻepekema i mua o ʻumi mau kulanui."I ka hiki ʻana o ke kaiāulu i kahi pae o ka hoʻomohala ʻana a loaʻa i nā kānaka ke koi nui no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea like, i hoʻolako ʻia me ka ʻenehana a me nā mea hana e pili ana, hele maoli nā molds.
(2) ʻO ka ʻike ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke keleawe ma ke ʻano he kumu waiwai no ka hana ʻana i ka paʻa paʻa.
Manaʻo kekahi poʻe ʻepekema ʻo ka hānau maoli ʻana o nā mold i ka wā Bronze Age, ma kahi o 5000 a 7000 mau makahiki i hala.Ua huli kēia au i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke keleawe ma ke ʻano he kumu mua no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana like ʻole, nā mea hana o kēlā me kēia lā, a me nā mea kaua, e like me nā aniani keleawe, nā ipu hao, a me nā pahi kaua.I loko o kēia manawa, aia nā kūlana kumu no ka hana ʻana i nā mold alloy hard, me ka ʻenehana metallurgical, ka hana nui, a me nā papa hana hana.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka poʻi i loko o kēia wā aia nō i kona wā kamaliʻi a mamao loa mai ke oʻo ʻana.
ʻO ka hiki ʻana mai o nā mold ua hōʻailona i kahi mea nui i ka mōʻaukala kanaka, ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kaʻina hana hana a me ka paipai ʻana i ke kaiāulu i ka holomua ʻenehana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka huahana.I loko o nā makahiki, ua hoʻomau ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā mold e hana i nā ʻoihana like ʻole, e hāʻawi ana i ka honua e ulu mau nei o ka hana hou.
ʻO ka hana o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe paʻa paʻa e pili ana i nā waiwai mechanical, nā mea wela kiʻekiʻe, nā waiwai o ka ʻili, ka hana, a me nā waiwai waiwai, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.Loaʻa nā ʻano hana like ʻole i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, e hopena i nā koi ʻokoʻa no ka hana waiwai.
1. No ka hana anu anu, he mea nui ka paakiki ki'eki'e, ka ikaika, a me ka pale lole maikai.Eia kekahi, pono lākou e loaʻa ka ikaika compressive kiʻekiʻe, ka paʻakikī maikaʻi, a me ke kūpaʻa luhi.
2. I ka hihia o ka wela hana paakiki wili molds, okoa maʻamau ambient wela waiwai, pono e hōʻike maikaʻi corrosion kū'ē, tempering paʻa, kiʻekiʻe-mehana oxidation kū'ē, a me ka wela luhi kū'ē.Pono nō hoʻi e loaʻa iā lākou kahi koena hoʻonui wela liʻiliʻi a me ka conductivity thermal maikaʻi.
3. Pono e lawa ka paakiki o ka ili o ka mold oiai e malama ana i ka paakiki a me ke ku e.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōpala paʻi ma lalo o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi, e koi ana i nā ʻōpala paʻa paʻa e loaʻa i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa, ke kūpaʻa wela, ka ikaika compressive, a me ke kūpaʻa oxidation, ma waena o nā waiwai ʻē aʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-02-2023
